General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 28
- `options(contrasts = c(contr.treatment
contr.poly))`: default contrasts for unordered/ordered factors.
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 28
- list.files(pattern = *.csv) — pattern is a regex
not a glob! Use glob2rx(*.csv) or \\.csv$.
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- `file.path(a
b
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- options(warn = n): -1 = ignore warnings
0 = collect (default)
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- `options(OutDec =
): change decimal separator in output (affects format`
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- options(digits.secs = n): max decimal digits for seconds in time formatting (0-6
default 0).
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- system.time(expr) returns user
system
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- options(digits = n): significant digits for printing (1-22
default 7). Suggestion only.
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 28
- options(scipen = n): positive biases toward fixed notation
negative toward scientific. Default 0. Applies to print/format/cat but not sprintf.
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- `as.numeric(diff
units = hours)` to extract numeric value in specific units.
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- `difftime(time1
time2
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- Explicit units: secs
mins
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- POSIXct: seconds since 1970-01-01 UTC (compact
a numeric vector).
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 28
- difftime arithmetic: subtracting POSIXct objects gives difftime. Units auto-selected (secs
mins
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- POSIXlt: list with components $sec
$min
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
Non-obvious behaviors
gotchas
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- `format(date
%Y)` for year
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- `seq.Date(from
to
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- Returns a permutation vector of indices
not the sorted values. Use x[order(x)] to sort.
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 28
- For character sorting
depends on locale. Use method = radix for locale-independent fast sorting.
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- Default is ascending; use -x for descending numeric
or decreasing = TRUE.
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- Works on multiple arguments (e.g.
`complete.cases(x
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 28
- Returns columns named after the grouping variables
with result column keeping the original name.
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General
PromptBeginner5 minmarkdownQuality: 24
- c() on factors unions level sets (since R 4.1.0)
but earlier versions converted to integer.
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